Choosing to abstain from sexual activity doesn’t typically cause major physical health problems, but it may lead to some subtler effects over time. Research shows that individuals who are sexually inactive often have higher rates of certain physical health conditions: in older adults, for example, sexual inactivity was significantly associated with conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and poor vision. Some medical-overview sources list potential physical consequences of prolonged sexual inactivity — including reduced immune boost, weaker cardiovascular benefits, hormonal changes, and in women a weaker pelvic floor.
Emotionally and mentally, not having sex can coincide with increased stress or feelings of loneliness for some people. Sex acts as one of the ways that people release endorphins and oxytocin, hormones that aid relaxation and bonding; without that outlet, some may experience higher anxiety or a sense of disconnection.That said, broader studies show that sexual inactivity doesn’t automatically lead to unhappiness: for example, a survey found that many sexually inactive adults reported similar levels of happiness as those who were active.
It’s crucial to emphasise that context and individual differences matter a lot. If abstinence is voluntary and accompanied by other fulfilling social bonds, healthy lifestyle habits, and emotional support, the drawbacks may be minimal or nonexistent. On the other hand, if someone wants intimacy but is unable to access it and lacks other sources of connection, the potential emotional impact is greater. Moreover, most of the research is correlational — we can’t conclusively say lack of sex causes poor health outcomes.
In summary: while regular sexual activity can offer physical, emotional, and social benefits, abstaining from sex is by no means inherently harmful. Many people remain healthy, happy, and connected without it. What tends to matter more are factors like meaningful relationships, exercise, emotional well-being, sleep, and nutrition. If someone is noticing negative effects (like increased stress, loneliness, or reduced self-esteem), it may be beneficial to explore alternate sources of intimacy, connection or professional support rather than viewing the lack of sex alone as the root issue.
